The relationship between loneliness and father involvement among adolescence
Authors
-
Sandra Handayani Sutanto
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
-
Christiany Suwartono
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Atma Jaya, Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu85
Keywords:
adolescence, father involvement, lonelinessAbstract
Apart from the noise and spark of the city, loneliness is often still engulfing teenagers. Previous research found that relationships with peers and parents were predictors of loneliness experienced by adolescents. However, no study has specifically examined parental involvement, especially father involvement. This study also aims to reveal the participation of fathers in parenting with loneliness in adolescents. This research is a quantitative study using a measurement tool adaptation from the UCLA Loneliness Scale and Father Involvement Scale. The sample size of this study was 189 adolescents by convenience sampling technique. The results showed that most teenagers felt lonely but were not related to father involvement in their lives. Discussion of the study tried to elaborate on the factors of location for data collection, developmental stages, and habits of adolescents. The results of the additional analysis showed that female adolescents tended to experience loneliness compared to male adolescents. Suggestions for research are given to get a more comprehensive picture of the phenomenon of loneliness in adolescents. Also, practical advice is also given to reduce loneliness in young women.
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References
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Cacioppo, J. T., Fowler, J. H., & Christakis, N. A. (2009). Alone in the crowd: The structure and spread of loneliness in a large social network. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(6), 977-991. doi: 10.1037/a0016076
Cherry, K. (2013). Loneliness: Causes, effects, and treatment for loneliness. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/downloads/pdf/early_intervention/psychology_article.pdf
Clark, J. L., Algoe, S. B., & Green, M. C. (2017). Social network sites and well-being: The role of social connection. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(1), 32-37. doi: 10.1177/0963721417730833
Ebesutani, C., Drescher, C. F., Reise, S. P., Heiden, L., Hight, T. L., Damon, J. D., & Young, J. (2012). The importance of modeling method effects: Resolving the (uni)dimensionality of the loneliness questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94(2), 186-195. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2011.627967.
Feist, J, Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T. (2013). Theories of personality (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Greene, A. D., Halle, T. G., LeMenestrel, S. M., & Moore, K. A. (2001). Measuring father involvement in young children’s lives: Recommendations for a fatherhood module for the ECLS-B. Washington, D.C: National Center for Education Statistics.
Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010). Loneliness matters: A theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 40(2), 218-227. doi: 10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8
Howe, N., & Strauss, W. (2000). Millennials rising: The next great generation. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
Hudson, D. B., Elek, S. M., & Campbell-Grossman, C. (2000). Depression, self-esteem, loneliness, and social support among adolescent mothers participating in the new parents projects. Adolescence, 35(139), 445-453.
Hurlock, E. B. (1980). Developmental psychology: A life-span approach (5th ed.). United States, US: McGraw-Hill College.
Jayson, S. (2019). Despite social media, generation Z, millennials report feeling lonely. Ditemu kembali dari https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/despite-social-media-generation-z-millennials-report-feeling-lonely-n980926
Kanter, M., Afifi, T., & Robbins, S. (2012). The impact of parents “friending” their young adult child on Facebook on perceptions of parental privacy invasions and parent-child relationship quality. Journal of Communication, 62(5), 900-917. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01669.x
Kennedy, T. L. M., Smith, A., Wells, A. T., & Wellman, B. (2008). Networked families. Ditemu kembali dari https://www.issuelab.org/resources/10380/10380.pdf
Killeen, C. (1998). Loneliness: An epidemic in modern society. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 28(4), 762-770. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00703.x
Ladd, G. W., & Ettekal, I. (2013). Peer-related loneliness across early to late adolescence: Normative trends, intra-individual trajectories, and links with depressive symptoms. Journal of Adolescence, 36(6), 1269-1282. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.05.004
Lamb, M. E., Pleck, J. H., Chamov, E. L., & Levine, J. A. (1987). A biosocial perspective on paternal behavior and involvement. Dalam J. B. Lancaster, J. Altmann, A. S. Rossi, & L. R. Sherrod (Eds.), Parenting across the lifespan: Biosocial dimensions (hlm. 111-142). Hawthrone, NY: Aldine Publishing Co.
Lee, K. T., Noh, M. J., & Koo, D. M. (2013). Lonely people are no longer lonely on social networking sites: The mediating role of self-disclosure and social support. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16(6), 413-418. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2012.0553
Le Roux, A. (2009). The relationship between adolescents’ attitude toward their fathers and loneliness: A cross-cultural study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18(2), 219-226. doi: 10.1007/s10826-008-9222-1
Liu, J., Li, D., Purwono, U., Chen, X., & French, D. C. (2015). Loneliness of Indonesian and Chinese adolescents as predicted by relationships with friends and parents. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 61(3), 362-382. doi: 10.13110/merrpalmquar1982.61.3.0362
Mandara, J., & Murray, C. B. (2006). Father’s absence and African American adolescent drug use. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 46 (1-2), 1-12. doi: 10.1300/J087v46n01_01
Marcoen, A., Goossens, L., & Caes, P. (1987). Loneliness in pre-through late adolescence: Exploring the contributions of a multidimensional approach. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(6), 561-577. doi: 10.1007/BF02138821
Martin, C. A., & Colbert, K. K., (1997). Parenting: A life span perspective. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Moretti, M. M., & Peled, M. (2004). Adolescent-parent attachment: Bonds that support healthy development. Paediatrics & Child Health, 9(8), 551-555. doi: 10.1093/pch/9.8.551
Olivia, N. R. (2011). Gambaran kehidupan kota urban ditinjau dari unsur intrinsik lima cerpen netzliteratur: Sebuah pendekatan sosiologi sastra (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.
Panayiotou, G., Panteli, M., & Theodorou, M. (2016). Predictors of loneliness in a sample of college men and women in Cyprus: The role of anxiety and social skills. Psychology, Community, & Health, 5(1), 16-30. doi:10.5964/pch.v5i1.142
Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2009). Human development: Perkembangan manusia (10th ed.). Jakarta: Salemba Humanika.
Parker, J. G., & Asher, S. R. (1993). Friendship and friendship quality in middle childhood: Links with peer group acceptance and feelings of loneliness and social dissatisfaction. Developmental Psychology, 29(4), 611-621. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.29.4.611
Patrikakou, E. N. (2016). Parent involvement, technology, and media: Now what? The School Community Journal, 26(2), 9-24.
Pleck, J. H., (2010). Paternal involvement: Revised conceptualization and theoretical lingkages with child outcomes. Dalam M. E. Lamb (Eds.), The role of the father in child development (hlm. 58-93). New Jersey, US: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Pyun, Y. S., (2014). The influence of father-child relationship on adolescents' mental health (Unpublished theses). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
Rotenberg, K. J. (1999). Parental antecedents of children’s loneliness. Dalam K. J. Rotenberg & S. Hymel (Eds.), Loneliness in childhood and adolescence (hlm.176-200). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Russell, D. (1996). UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1), 20-40. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2
Santrock, J. W. (2010). Adolescence (13th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Scharf, M., Wiseman, H., & Farah, F. (2011). Parent-adolescent relationships and social adjustment: The case of a collectivistic culture. International Journal of Psychology, 46(3), 177-190. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2010.528424
Shukla, P., & Kang, T. K. (2017). Perceived loneliness among rural and urban adolescents: A comparative study. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(3), 386-388.
Steinberg, L. (2017). Adolescence (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Svendsen, L. (2017). A philosophy of loneliness. London, UK: Reaktion Books Ltd.
Van Roekel, E., Scholte, R. H. J., Verhagen, M., Goossens, L., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2010). Loneliness in adolescence: Gene x environment interactions involving the serotonin transporter gene. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Discplines, 51(7), 747-754. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02225.x
Wahyudi, M. Z. (2018). Dengarkan remaja! Kompas. Ditemu kembali dari https://kompas.id/baca/utama/2018/10/11/dengarkan-remaja/
Yoon, S., Bellamy, J. L., Kim, W., & Yoon, D. (2017). Father involvement and behavior problems among preadolescents at risk of maltreatment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(2), 494-504. doi: 10.1007/s10826-017-0890-6
Anggraini, A. P. (2018). Hidup di kota besar lebih bahagia, benarkah? Kompas. Ditemu kembali dari https://lifestyle.kompas.com/read/2018/07/18/144100020/hidup-di-kota-besar-lebih-bahagia-benarkah
Asosiasi Penyedia Jasa Internet Indonesia. (2017). Infografis: Penetrasi dan perilaku pengguna internet di Indonesia. Ditemu kembali dari https://apjii.or.id/survei2017
Allen, S., & Daly, K. (2007). The effect of father involvement: An updated research summary of the evidence. Canada: University of Guelph.
Cacioppo, J. T., & Patrick, W. (2008). Loneliness: Human nature and the need for social connection. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company.
Cacioppo, J. T., Fowler, J. H., & Christakis, N. A. (2009). Alone in the crowd: The structure and spread of loneliness in a large social network. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(6), 977-991. doi: 10.1037/a0016076
Cherry, K. (2013). Loneliness: Causes, effects, and treatment for loneliness. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.nyc.gov/html/nypd/downloads/pdf/early_intervention/psychology_article.pdf
Clark, J. L., Algoe, S. B., & Green, M. C. (2017). Social network sites and well-being: The role of social connection. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 27(1), 32-37. doi: 10.1177/0963721417730833
Ebesutani, C., Drescher, C. F., Reise, S. P., Heiden, L., Hight, T. L., Damon, J. D., & Young, J. (2012). The importance of modeling method effects: Resolving the (uni)dimensionality of the loneliness questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94(2), 186-195. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2011.627967.
Feist, J, Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T. (2013). Theories of personality (8th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Greene, A. D., Halle, T. G., LeMenestrel, S. M., & Moore, K. A. (2001). Measuring father involvement in young children’s lives: Recommendations for a fatherhood module for the ECLS-B. Washington, D.C: National Center for Education Statistics.
Hawkley, L. C., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010). Loneliness matters: A theoretical and empirical review of consequences and mechanisms. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 40(2), 218-227. doi: 10.1007/s12160-010-9210-8
Howe, N., & Strauss, W. (2000). Millennials rising: The next great generation. New York, NY: Vintage Books.
Hudson, D. B., Elek, S. M., & Campbell-Grossman, C. (2000). Depression, self-esteem, loneliness, and social support among adolescent mothers participating in the new parents projects. Adolescence, 35(139), 445-453.
Hurlock, E. B. (1980). Developmental psychology: A life-span approach (5th ed.). United States, US: McGraw-Hill College.
Jayson, S. (2019). Despite social media, generation Z, millennials report feeling lonely. Ditemu kembali dari https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/despite-social-media-generation-z-millennials-report-feeling-lonely-n980926
Kanter, M., Afifi, T., & Robbins, S. (2012). The impact of parents “friending” their young adult child on Facebook on perceptions of parental privacy invasions and parent-child relationship quality. Journal of Communication, 62(5), 900-917. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01669.x
Kennedy, T. L. M., Smith, A., Wells, A. T., & Wellman, B. (2008). Networked families. Ditemu kembali dari https://www.issuelab.org/resources/10380/10380.pdf
Killeen, C. (1998). Loneliness: An epidemic in modern society. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 28(4), 762-770. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00703.x
Ladd, G. W., & Ettekal, I. (2013). Peer-related loneliness across early to late adolescence: Normative trends, intra-individual trajectories, and links with depressive symptoms. Journal of Adolescence, 36(6), 1269-1282. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.05.004
Lamb, M. E., Pleck, J. H., Chamov, E. L., & Levine, J. A. (1987). A biosocial perspective on paternal behavior and involvement. Dalam J. B. Lancaster, J. Altmann, A. S. Rossi, & L. R. Sherrod (Eds.), Parenting across the lifespan: Biosocial dimensions (hlm. 111-142). Hawthrone, NY: Aldine Publishing Co.
Lee, K. T., Noh, M. J., & Koo, D. M. (2013). Lonely people are no longer lonely on social networking sites: The mediating role of self-disclosure and social support. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 16(6), 413-418. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2012.0553
Le Roux, A. (2009). The relationship between adolescents’ attitude toward their fathers and loneliness: A cross-cultural study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18(2), 219-226. doi: 10.1007/s10826-008-9222-1
Liu, J., Li, D., Purwono, U., Chen, X., & French, D. C. (2015). Loneliness of Indonesian and Chinese adolescents as predicted by relationships with friends and parents. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 61(3), 362-382. doi: 10.13110/merrpalmquar1982.61.3.0362
Mandara, J., & Murray, C. B. (2006). Father’s absence and African American adolescent drug use. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 46 (1-2), 1-12. doi: 10.1300/J087v46n01_01
Marcoen, A., Goossens, L., & Caes, P. (1987). Loneliness in pre-through late adolescence: Exploring the contributions of a multidimensional approach. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(6), 561-577. doi: 10.1007/BF02138821
Martin, C. A., & Colbert, K. K., (1997). Parenting: A life span perspective. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company.
Moretti, M. M., & Peled, M. (2004). Adolescent-parent attachment: Bonds that support healthy development. Paediatrics & Child Health, 9(8), 551-555. doi: 10.1093/pch/9.8.551
Olivia, N. R. (2011). Gambaran kehidupan kota urban ditinjau dari unsur intrinsik lima cerpen netzliteratur: Sebuah pendekatan sosiologi sastra (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.
Panayiotou, G., Panteli, M., & Theodorou, M. (2016). Predictors of loneliness in a sample of college men and women in Cyprus: The role of anxiety and social skills. Psychology, Community, & Health, 5(1), 16-30. doi:10.5964/pch.v5i1.142
Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2009). Human development: Perkembangan manusia (10th ed.). Jakarta: Salemba Humanika.
Parker, J. G., & Asher, S. R. (1993). Friendship and friendship quality in middle childhood: Links with peer group acceptance and feelings of loneliness and social dissatisfaction. Developmental Psychology, 29(4), 611-621. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.29.4.611
Patrikakou, E. N. (2016). Parent involvement, technology, and media: Now what? The School Community Journal, 26(2), 9-24.
Pleck, J. H., (2010). Paternal involvement: Revised conceptualization and theoretical lingkages with child outcomes. Dalam M. E. Lamb (Eds.), The role of the father in child development (hlm. 58-93). New Jersey, US: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Pyun, Y. S., (2014). The influence of father-child relationship on adolescents' mental health (Unpublished theses). Minnesota State University, Mankato.
Rotenberg, K. J. (1999). Parental antecedents of children’s loneliness. Dalam K. J. Rotenberg & S. Hymel (Eds.), Loneliness in childhood and adolescence (hlm.176-200). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Russell, D. (1996). UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1), 20-40. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2
Santrock, J. W. (2010). Adolescence (13th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Scharf, M., Wiseman, H., & Farah, F. (2011). Parent-adolescent relationships and social adjustment: The case of a collectivistic culture. International Journal of Psychology, 46(3), 177-190. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2010.528424
Shukla, P., & Kang, T. K. (2017). Perceived loneliness among rural and urban adolescents: A comparative study. Indian Journal of Positive Psychology, 8(3), 386-388.
Steinberg, L. (2017). Adolescence (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.
Svendsen, L. (2017). A philosophy of loneliness. London, UK: Reaktion Books Ltd.
Van Roekel, E., Scholte, R. H. J., Verhagen, M., Goossens, L., & Engels, R. C. M. E. (2010). Loneliness in adolescence: Gene x environment interactions involving the serotonin transporter gene. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Discplines, 51(7), 747-754. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02225.x
Wahyudi, M. Z. (2018). Dengarkan remaja! Kompas. Ditemu kembali dari https://kompas.id/baca/utama/2018/10/11/dengarkan-remaja/
Yoon, S., Bellamy, J. L., Kim, W., & Yoon, D. (2017). Father involvement and behavior problems among preadolescents at risk of maltreatment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 27(2), 494-504. doi: 10.1007/s10826-017-0890-6
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2019-06-01
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Sutanto, S. H., & Suwartono, C. (2019). The relationship between loneliness and father involvement among adolescence. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 6(1), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu85
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