Enhancing self-esteem in young adults who experience dating violence by Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Authors
-
Pradipta Christy Pratiwi
Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu60
Keywords:
self-esteem, cognitive behavior therapy, young adults, dating violenceAbstract
Dating violence, which frequently occurs among early adults, can manifest itself in many forms, including physical, psychological, and sexual abuse. A significant impact of dating violence is the decrease of self-esteem of the victims. It is also the cause of difficulties for the victims to break out of the cycle of violence. The present study intends to employ cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) to enhance the self-esteem of early adults who suffers from dating violence. The research design used in the present study was quasi-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design. Three subjects were acquired through purposive sampling for the present study. The effectivity of the therapy was inferred from qualitative evaluation (improvement of self-esteem score, observation, and interview). Instruments used in the present study were Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) to assess self-esteem and Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2) to assess the characteristics of violence. The results indicated a higher score in RSES. Further evaluation also demonstrated considerable changesof subjects’ cognitive, affective, and behavioural aspects. Given all the results, CBTis considered to be an effective intervention to enhance the self-esteem among victims of dating violence.
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References
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Sagala, R. (2008). Kekerasan dalam pacaran pada mahasiswa ditinjau dari pola asuh otoriter orang tua (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata, Indonesia.
Schiraldi, G. R. (2001). The self-esteem workbook. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications. Straus, M. A. (2004). Prevalence of violence against dating partners by male and female university
students worldwide. Violence Against Women, 10(7), 790-811.
Straus, M.A., Hamby, S., Boney-McCoy, S., & Sugarman, D. (1996). The revised conflict tactics
scales (CTS2): Development and preliminary psychometric data. Journal of Family Issues,
17(3), 283-316.
Westbrook, D., Kennerley, H., & Kirk, J. (2007). An introduction to cognitive behaviour therapy:
Skills and applications. London: Sage.
Yayasan Pulih. (2015). Love without violence: Relasi sehat vs kekerasan dalam pacaran [Booklet
Psikoedukasi Remaja]. Jakarta: Yayasan Pulih.
Amaral, R. (2011). Cognitive-behavioural interventions with victims of abuse. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.psychologyforgrowth.com/cognitive-behavioural-interventions-with-victims-of- abuse/
Ariestina, D. (2009). Kekerasan dalam pacaran pada siswi SMA di Jakarta. KESMAS, Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional, 3(4), 161-170.
Branch, R., & Willson, R. (2007). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Workbook for Dummies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Breiding, M. J., Basile, K. C., Smith, S. G., Black, M. C., & Mahendra R. (2015). Intimate partner violence surveillance uniform definitions and recommended data elements. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/intimatepartnerviolence.pdf
Burke, J. G., Mahoney, P., Gielen, A., McDonnell, K. A., & O’Campo, P. (2009). Defining Appropriate Stages of Change for Intimate Partner Violence Survivors. In M. M. Christopher & D. M. Roland (Eds.), motivational interviewing and stages of change in intimate partner violence (pp. 251-272). New York, NY: Springer.
Burns, D. D. (1999). Ten days to self-esteem. New York, NY: Harper Collins.
Curwen, B., Palmer, S., & Ruddell, P. (2000). Brief cognitive behavior therapy. London, UK: Sage. DeGenova, M. K. (2008). Intimate relationships, marriages & families. New York, NY: McGraw-
Hill.
Della. (2012). Cognitive behaviour therapy untuk meningkatkan self-esteem pada mahasiswa
universitas indonesia yang mengalami distres psikologis (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan).
Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.
Erdianto, K. (2016). Angka kekerasan dalam pacaran tinggi, tetapi UU belum melindungi. Ditemu
kembali dari http://nasional.kompas.com/read/2016/03/08/07513391/Angka.Kekerasan.
dalam.Pacaran.Tinggi.tetapi.UU.Belum.Melindungi
Guindon, M. H. (2010). Self-esteem across the lifespan: Issues and interventions. New York, NY:
Taylor & Francis.
Hawkins, D. J., Oesterle, S., & Hill, K. G. (2004). Successful young adult development.
Washington, DC: Peter L. Benson and Peter C. Scales Search Institute.
Kerlinger, F. N., & Lee, H. B. (2000). Foundation of behavioral research (4th ed.). Orlando, FL: Harcourt.
Kernis, M. H. (2006). Self-esteem issues and answer: A sourcebook of current perspectives. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
Komisi Nasional Perempuan (2017). Lembar fakta catatan tahunan (CATAHU) komnas perempuan tahun 2017 labirin kekerasan terhadap perempuan: Dari gang rape hingga femicide, alarm bagi negara untuk bertindak tepat jakarta. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.komnasperempuan.go.id/lembar-fakta-catatan-tahunan-catahu-komnas- perempuan-tahun-2017-labirin-kekerasan-terhadap-perempuan-dari-gang-rape-hingga- femicide-alarm-bagi-negara-untuk-bertindak-tepat-jakarta-7-maret-2017/
Lannakita, S. (2012). Hubungan antara self-esteem dan preferensi pemilihan pasangan hidup pada wanita dewasa muda di Jabodetabek (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.
McManus, F., Waite, P., & Shafran, R. (2009). Cognitive-behavior therapy for low self-esteem: A case sample. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 16, 266-275.
Margaretha, Nuringtyas, R., & Rachim, R. (2013). Trauma kekerasan masa kanak dan kekerasan dalam relasi intim. Makara Seri Sosial Humaniora, 17(1), 33-42.
Morton, L., Roach, L., Reid, H., & Stewart, S. H. (2011). An evaluation of a CBT group for women with low self-esteem. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 40, 221-225. doi:10.1017/S1352465811000294
Mruk, J. C. (2006). Self-esteem research, theory, and practice: Toward a positive psychology of self-esteem (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Springer.
Murray, J. (2007). But I love him: Protecting your teen daughter from controlling, abusive dating relationships. New York, NY: Harper Collins.
Poerwandari, K. (2004). Mengungkap selubung kekerasan: Telaah filsafat manusia. Bandung: Kepustakaan Eja Insani.
Poerwandari, K., & Lianawati. (2010). Petunjuk penjabaran kekerasan psikis: Untuk menindaklanjuti laporan kasus KDRT. Depok: Program Studi Kajian Wanita, Program Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia.
Prospero, M., & Vohra-Gupta, S. (2007). Gender differences in the relationship between intimate partner violence victimization and the perception of dating situations among college students. Violence and Victims, 22(4), 489-502.
Ramadhan, G. (2011). CBT untuk meningkatkan harga diri (self-esteem) remaja (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.
Safitri, W. A., & Sama’i. (2013). Dampak kekerasan dalam berpacaran. Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial, 1(1), 1-6.
Sagala, R. (2008). Kekerasan dalam pacaran pada mahasiswa ditinjau dari pola asuh otoriter orang tua (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata, Indonesia.
Schiraldi, G. R. (2001). The self-esteem workbook. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications. Straus, M. A. (2004). Prevalence of violence against dating partners by male and female university
students worldwide. Violence Against Women, 10(7), 790-811.
Straus, M.A., Hamby, S., Boney-McCoy, S., & Sugarman, D. (1996). The revised conflict tactics
scales (CTS2): Development and preliminary psychometric data. Journal of Family Issues,
17(3), 283-316.
Westbrook, D., Kennerley, H., & Kirk, J. (2007). An introduction to cognitive behaviour therapy:
Skills and applications. London: Sage.
Yayasan Pulih. (2015). Love without violence: Relasi sehat vs kekerasan dalam pacaran [Booklet
Psikoedukasi Remaja]. Jakarta: Yayasan Pulih.
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Published
2017-12-01
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Pratiwi, P. C. (2017). Enhancing self-esteem in young adults who experience dating violence by Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 4(2), 141–159. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu60
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