The role of parenting patterns on cyberbullying mediated by the tendency of adolescent depression
Authors
-
Teguh Lesmana
Program Studi Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Pelita Harapan; INSIGHT Research Center, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
-
Allessandra Theresia
Program Studi Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Pelita Harapan; RELASI Research Lab, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
-
Putri Daniela Ekaristia Rorong
Program Studi Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu1133
Keywords:
adolescents, cyber bullying, depression, parentingAbstract
Previous studies have shown that parenting plays a significant role in adolescents' emotional and social development, which can influence their involvement in cyberbullying. This study examines the mediating role of depression tendencies in the relationship between parenting and cyberbullying behavior as a perpetrator. This study used a quantitative survey method with a cross-sectional approach on 165 adolescents who actively use social media, as well as mediation analysis using the JASP program. The results showed that authoritative parenting and neglectful parenting played a role in cyberbullying behavior through depression as a partial mediator. These findings emphasize the importance of authoritative parenting as a protective factor against cyberbullying, while neglectful parenting is a risk factor. The implications of this study underline the need for cyberbullying prevention interventions through education for parents about the importance of authoritative parenting, as well as school-based approaches to improve adolescents' emotional regulation and social skills.
Downloads
References
Acosta, K. R., Gómez-de-regil, L., Lowe, G. A., Lipps, G. E., & Gibson, R. C. (2021). Parenting styles, anxiety and depressive symptoms in child/adolescent. International Journal of Psychological Research, 14(1), 12–32. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.4704
Arjanto, P. (2022). Uji realibitas dan validitas Depression Stress Anxiety 21 (DASS-21) pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Psikologi Perseptual, 7(1), 60–80. https://doi.org/10.24176/perseptual.v7i1.6196
Ayu, S. D., & Carina, J. (2024, December 30). Kaleidoskop 2024: Perundungan pelajar masih terjadi, makan korban jiwa dan trauma yang membekas. Kompas. https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2024/12/30/14595041/kaleidoskop-2024-perundungan-pelajar-masih-terjadi-makan-korban-jiwa-dan?page=all#page2
Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine, 25(4), 3186–3191. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-200012150-00014
Bernard, J. E. (2018). Depression: A review of its definition. MOJ Addiction Medicine & Therapy, 5(1), 6–7. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojamt.2018.05.00082
Buelga, S., Postigo, J., Martínez-Ferrer, B., Cava, M. J., & Ortega-Barón, J. (2020). Cyberbullying among adolescents: Psychometric properties of the CYB-AGS cyber-aggressor scale. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), Artikel 3090. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093090
Byrne, E., Vessey, J. A., & Pfeifer, L. (2017). Cyberbullying and social media: Information and interventions for school nurses working with victims, students, and families. The Journal of School Nursing, 34(1), 38–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840517740191
Charaschanya, A., & Blauw, J. (2017). A study of the direct and indirect relationships between online disinhibition and depression and stress being mediated by the frequency of cyberbullying from victim and perpetrator perspectives. Scholar: Human Sciences, 9(2), 275–301. http://www.assumptionjournal.au.edu/index.php/Scholar/article/view/3003
Chu, X., & Chen, Z. (2024). The associations between parenting and bullying among children and adolescents: A Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-024-02108-1
Dewi, H. A., Suryani, S., & Sriati, A. (2020). Faktor faktor yang memengaruhi cyberbullying pada remaja: A Systematic review. Journal of Nursing Care, 3(2), 128–141. https://doi.org/10.24198/jnc.v3i2.24477
Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta‐analysis of school‐based universal interventions. Child Development, 82(1), 405–432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01564.x
Elsaesser, C., Russell, B., Ohannessian, C. M., & Patton, D. (2017). Parenting in a digital age: A review of parents’ role in preventing adolescent cyberbullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 35, 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.06.004
Espelage, D. L., Low, S. K., & Jimerson, S. R. (2014). Understanding school climate, aggression, peer victimization, and bully perpetration: Contemporary science, practice, and policy. School Psychology Quarterly, 29(3), 233–237. https://doi.org/10.1037/spq0000090
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (Edisi ke-7). Pearson.
Haslam, D., Poniman, C., Filus, A., Sumargi, A., & Boediman, L. (2020). Parenting style, child emotion regulation and behavioral problems: The moderating role of cultural values in Australia and Indonesia. Marriage and Family Review, 56(4), 320–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2020.1712573
He, E., Ye, X., & Zhang, W. (2023). The effect of parenting styles on adolescent bullying behaviours in China : The mechanism of interpersonal intelligence and intrapersonal intelligence. Heliyon, 9(4), Artikel e15299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15299
Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2013). Social influences on cyberbullying behaviors among middle and high school students. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(5), 711–722. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-012-9902-4
Hoeve, M., Dubas, J. S., Eichelsheim, V. I., Van Der Laan, P. H., Smeenk, W., & Gerris, J. R. (2009). The relationship between parenting and delinquency: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37(6), 749–775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-009-9310-8
Hong, J. S., Lee, J., Espelage, D. L., Hunter, S. C., & Patton, D. U. (2016). Understanding the correlates of face-to-face and cyberbullying victimization among U.S. adolescents: A social-ecological analysis. Violence and Victims, 31(4), 638–663. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-15-00014
Hoskins, D. H. (2014). Consequences of parenting on adolescent outcomes. Societies, 4(3), 506–531. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc4030506
Jannah, K., Hastuti, D., & Riany, Y. E. (2022). Parenting style and depression among students: The mediating role of self-esteem. Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 7(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v7i1.9885
Kim, J. H., Song, H. Y., & Jung, G. H. (2023). Relationship between positive parenting and cyberbullying perpetration among adolescents: Role of self-esteem and smartphone addiction. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Artikel 1252424. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1252424
Kuppens, S., & Ceulemans, E. (2019). Parenting styles: A closer look at a well-known concept. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28(1), 168–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1242-x
Legate, N., Weinstein, N., & Przybylski, A. K. (2019). Parenting strategies and adolescents’ cyberbullying behaviors: Evidence from a preregistered study of parent–child dyads. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 48(2), 399–409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-018-0962-y
Li, M., Wang, J., Ma, P., Sun, W., Gong, H., & Gao, Y. (2023). The relationship between harsh parenting and adolescent depression. Scientific Reports, 13(1), Artikel 20647. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48138-w
Lin, L., Chien, Y., Chen, Y., Wu, C., & Chiou, H. (2022). Bullying experiences, depression, and the moderating role of resilience among adolescents. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, Artikel 3389. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.872100
Liu, L., Wang, X., Chen, B., Chui, W., & Wang, X. (2023). Association between child abuse, depression, and school bullying among Chinese secondary school students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 697–709. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010697
Masud, H., Ahmad, M. S., Cho, K. W., & Fakhr, Z. (2019). Parenting styles and aggression among young adolescents: A systematic review of literature. Community Mental Health Journal, 55(6), 1015–1030. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-019-00400-0
McLeod, B. D., Weisz, J. R., & Wood, J. J. (2007). Examining the association between parenting and childhood depression: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 27(8), 986–1003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2007.03.001
Nababan, W. M. C. (2023, February 1). Cita-cita Indonesia 2045 terhalang masalah kesehatan mental remaja. Kompas. https://www.kompas.id/baca/humaniora/2023/02/01/cita-cita-indonesia-2045-terhalang-masalah-kesehatan-mental-remaja
Pinquart, M. (2017). Associations of parenting dimensions and styles with internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Marriage and Family Review, 53(7), 613–640. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2016.1247761
Polanin, J. R., Espelage, D. L., Grotpeter, J. K., Ingram, K., Michaelson, L., Spinney, E., Valido, A., Sheikh, A. E., Torgal, C., & Robinson, L. (2021). A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to decrease cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. Prevention Science, 23(3), 439–454. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-021-01259-y
Putri, F. S., Nazihah, Z., Ariningrum, D. P., Celesta, S., & Herbawani, C. K. (2022). Depresi remaja di Indonesia: Penyebab dan dampaknya. Jurnal Kesehatan Poltekkes Kemenkes RI Pangkalpinang, 10(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.32922/jkp.v10i2.502
Rusdy, M., & Fauzi, F. (2020). Digital literacy and cyberbullying behavior of youths in instagram. Komunike: Jurnal Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam, 12(2), 122–145. https://doi.org/10.20414/jurkom.v12i2.2699
Rusyidi, B. (2020). Memahami cyberbullying di kalangan remaja. Jurnal Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik, 2(2), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkrk.v2i2.29118
Safaria, T., & Ariani, I. H. (2024). The role of self-control, authoritarian parenting style, and cyberbullying behavior among junior high school students. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-024-00422-w
Santrock, J. W. (2018). Educational Psychology (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Satrianingrum, A. P., & Setyawati, F. A. (2021). Perbedaan pola pengasuhan orang tua pada anak usia dini ditinjau dari berbagai suku di Indonesia: Kajian literatur. JIV-Jurnal Ilmiah Visi, 16(1), 25–34. https://doi.org/10.21009/jiv.1601.3
Shyny, T. Y. A., & Velayudhan. (2018). A correlative study between Parenting Style Dimension Questionnaire and newly constructed Parenting Style Four Factor Questionnaire. International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, 6(3), 18–28. www.scientificrc.com.
Sucahyo, N. (2021, September 17). Perundungan siber di Indonesia kian mengkhawatirkan. VoA Indonesia. https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/perundungan-siber-di-indonesia-kian-mengkhawatirkan-/6232440.html
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2019). Using multivariate statistics (7th ed.). Pearson.
Vasiou, A., Kassis, W., Krasanaki, A., Aksoy, D., Favre, C. A., & Tantaros, S. (2023). Exploring parenting styles patterns and children’s socio-emotional skills. Children, 10(7), Artikel 1126. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10071126
Wang, Y., Shi, H., Wang, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, J., Sun, Y., Wang, J., Sun, J., & Cao, F. (2021). The association of different parenting styles among depressed parents and their offspring’s depression and anxiety: A cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 21(1), Artikel 495. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03512-8
Waseem, M., & Nickerson, A. B. (2023). Bullying: Issues and challenges in prevention and intervention. Current Psychology, 43(10), 9270–9279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-05083-1
Wiswanti, I. U., Kuntoro, I. A., Ar Rizqi, N. P., & Halim, L. (2020). Pola asuh dan budaya: Studi komparatif antara masyarakat urban dan masyarakat rural Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi Sosial, 18(3), 211–223. https://doi.org/10.7454/jps.2020.21
Ye, Z., Wu, D., He, X., Ma, Q., Peng, J., Mao, G., Feng, L., & Tong, Y. (2023). Meta-analysis of the relationship between bullying and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), Artikel 215. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-04681-4
Zhao, Q. (2023). Relationship between parenting styles and school bullying behaviour among adolescents. SHS Web of Conferences, 180, Artikel 02030. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202318002030
Zhu, C., Huang, S., Evans, R., & Zhang, W. (2021). Cyberbullying among adolescents and children: A comprehensive review of the global situation, risk factors, and preventive measures. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, Artikel 634909. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.634909
Zulkarnain, Z., Amiruddin, A., Kusaeri, K., & Rusydiyah, E. F. (2023). Analisis komparasi pola pengasuhan anak di Indonesia dan Finlandia. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(5), 6399–6414. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i5.4269
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Teguh Lesmana, Allessandra Theresia, Putri Daniela Ekaristia Rorong
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) for the exposure of their work with an acknowledgement of Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat: Indonesian Journal of Indigenous Psychology (JPU) as an outlet of their published work.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
