The work-life balance of blue-collar workers: The role of employee engagement and burnout
Authors
-
Laila Meiliyandrie Indah Wardani
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia
-
Rahmat Firmansyah
Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia
https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu96
Keywords:
blue collar workers, burnout, employee engagement, work-life balanceAbstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of employee engagement and burnout on the perception of work-life balance, particularly on blue-collar workers. The study sample comprised of 91 employees of the production section (blue-collar workers) in a multinational company in Jababeka-Cikarang. Sampling was carried out using a stratified technique of proportional approach. The instruments used in this study are The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-GS), and Work-Life Balance Scale. The study used primary data collection through survey method and secondary data from the company for analysis. Multiple regression analysis showed that employee engagement and burnout influence participants’ perceptions on work-life balance. The result indicates that employee engagement and burnout explained 17.6 percent on the variability of participants’ perceived work-life balance.
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References
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Cowan, R. L., & Bochantin, J. E. (2011). Blue-collar employees’ work/life metaphors: Tough similarities, imbalance, separation, and opposite. Qualitative Research Reports in Communication, 12(1), 19-26. doi: 10.1080/17459435.2011.601521
Darmawan, A., Silviandari, I., & Susilawati, I. (2015). Hubungan burnout dengan work-life balance pada dosen wanita. Jurnal Mediapsi, 1(1), 28-39.
Delina, G., & Raya, R. P. (2013). A study on work-life balance in working women. International Journal of Commerce, Business, and Management (IJCBM), 2(5), 274-282.
Fazrina, F. N. (2018). Work-life balance: Gimana menyeimbangkan kerja dan kehidupan. Retrieved from http://brilio.net/creator/work-life-balance-menyeimbangkan-kehidupan-kerja-dengan-kehidupan-072158.html
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Fisher, G. G., Bulger C. A., & Smith C. S. (2009). Beyond work and family: A measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14(4), 441–456.
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Hakanen, J. J., Seppala, P., & Peeters, M. C. W. (2017). High job demands, still engaged, and not burned out? The role of job crafting. International Journal Behavioral Medicine, 24(4), 619-627. doi: 10.1007/s12529-017-9638-3
Harter J. K., Schmidt F. L., & Hayes T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268-279.
Hikmatullah, F. (2016). Hubungan employee engagement dan burnout pada karyawan divisi IT. Jurnal Elektronik, 9(1), 100-108.
Iqbal, I., Zia-ud-Din, M., Arif, A., Raza, M., & Ishtiaq, Z. (2017). Impact of employee engagement on work-life balance with the moderating role of employee cynicism. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(6), 1088-1101. doi: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i6/3068
Kanwar, Y. P. S., Singh, A. K., & Kodwani, A. D. (2009). Work-life balance and burnout as predictors of job satisfaction in the IT-ITES industry. Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective, 13(2), 1-12. doi: 10.1177/097226290901300201
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Kusuma, H. (2018). Data BPS: Masih ada 7 juta orang nganggur di Indonesia. Detik. Retrieved from http://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-4288074/data--bps-masih-ada-7-juta-orang-nganggur-di-indonesia
Laucereno, S. F. (2019). Harga komoditas hingga ekonomi global loyo, ekonomi RI tumbuh 5,17 persen. Detik. Retrieved from http://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-445720/harga-komoditas-hingga-ekonomi-global-loyo-ekonomi-ri-tumbuh-517
Mangkunegara, A. P., & Octorend, T. R. (2015). Effect of work discipline, work motivation, and job satisfaction on employee organizational commitment in the company (Case study in PT. Dada Indonesia). Universal Journal of Management, 3(8), 318-328. doi: 10.13189/ujm.2015.030808
Makela, L., Vesa, S., & Mayerhofer, H. (2011). Lives of female expatriates: Work-life balance concerns. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 26(4), 256-274.
Maricutoiu, L. P., Sulea, C., & Lancu, A. (2017). Work engagement or burnout: Which comes first? A meta-analysis of longitudinal evidence. Burnout Research, 5, 35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.burn.2017.05.001
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 2(2), 99-113. doi: 10.1002/job.4030020205
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: Recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111. doi: 10.1002/wps.20311
Novess, J. (2015). The influence of burnout symptoms on the relationship between work-life balance and self-rated health (Unpublished thesis). Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University St. Catharines, Canada.
Nurendra, A. M., & Purnamasari, W. (2017). Hubungan antara kualitas kehidupan kerja dan keterikatan kerja pada pekerja wanita. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 2(2), 148-154.
Pandita, S., & Singhal, R. (2017). The influence of employee engagement on the work-life balance of employees in the IT sector. The IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(1), 38-57.
Pangemanan, F. L., Pio, R. J., & Tumbel, T. M. (2017). Pengaruh work-life balance dan burnout terhadap kepuasan kerja. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 5(3), 1-8.
Parkes, L. P., & Langford, P. H. (2008). Work-life balance or work-life alignment? A test of the importance of work-life balance for employee engagement and intention to stay in organization. Journal of Management and Organization, 14(3), 267-284. doi: 10.1017/S1833367200003278
Peeters, M. C. W., Montogomery, A. J., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2005). Balancing work and home: How job and home demands are related to burnout. International Journal of Stress Management, 12(1), 43-61. doi: 10.1037/1072-5245.12.1.43
Pulkeria, R. (2016). Work or life? Or work-life balance? Retrieved from http://blog.karir.com/2016/10/05/work-or-life-or-work-life-balance/
Ratanjee, V., & Emond, L. (2013). Why Indonesia must engage younger workers. Retrieved from https://news.gallup.com/businessjournal/166280/why-indonesia-engage-younger-workers.aspx
Robinson, J. (2019). The scientific link that drives employee engagement and productivity. Retrieved from https://www.worktolive.info/blog/the-scientific-link-between-work-life-balance-employee-engagement-and-productivity
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demans, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sampe study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293-315. doi: 10.1002/job.248
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Van Rhenen, W. (2009). How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(7), 893-917. doi: 10.1002/job.595
Schwartz, T. (2015). When employee engagement turns into employee burnout. New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/14/business/dealbook/when-employee-engagement-turns-into-employee-burnout.html
Seppala, E., & Moeller, J. (2018). 1 in 5 employees is highly engaged and at risk of burnout. Retrieved from https://hbrascend.org/topics/1-in-5-employees-is-highly-engaged-and-at-risk-of-burnout/
Sonnentag, S. (2017). A task-level perspective on work engagement: A new approach that helps to differentiate the concepts of engagement and burnout. Burnout Research, 5, 12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.burn.2017.04.001
Syarizka, D. (2018). Sumber daya manusia: Keterikatan karyawan tentukan kemampuan adaptasi perusahaan. Retrieved from http://sumatra.bisnis.com/read/20180403/448/779079/sumber-daya-manusia-keterikatan-karyawan-tentukan-kemampuan-adaptasi-perusahaan
Van Steenbergen, E. F., Van Der Ven, C., Peeters, M. C., & Waris, T. W. (2017). Transitioning towards new ways of working: Do job demands, job resources, burnout, and engagement change? Psychological Reports, 121(4), 736-766. doi: 10.1177/0033294117740134
Westman, M., Brough, P., & Kalliath, T. (2009). Expert commentary on work-life balance and crossover of emotions and experiences: Theoretical and practice advancements. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(5), 587-595. doi: 10.1002/job.616
Anwar, F. (2017). Engagement tenaga kerja milenial Indonesia hanya 25%. Retrieved from https://youngster.id/featured/engagement-tenaga-kerja-milenial-indonesia-hanya-25
Balasubramanian, S. A., & Lathabhavan, R. (2017). Women’s glass ceiling beliefs predict work engagement and burnout. Journal of Management Development, 36(9), 1125-1136. doi: 10.1108/jmd-12-2016-0282
Balmforth, K., & Gardner, D. (2006). Conflict and facilitation between work and family: Realizing the outcomes for organizations. New Zealand Journal Psychology, 35(2), 69-76.
Barsei, A. N. (2018). Fenomena “work balance”. Retrieved from https://www.kompasiana.com/tyobarsei/5ab46266caf7db4c3a37b063/fenomena-work-life-balance
Carnegie, D. (2017). Mayoritas milenial galau dalam pekerjaan, kamu juga? Retrieved from https://www.dalecarnegie.id/sumberdaya/media/media-coverage/mayoritas-milenial-galau-dalam-pekerjaan-kamu-juga/
Christianty, T. O. V., & Widhianingtanti, L. T. (2016). Burnout ditinjau dari employee engagement pada karyawan. Psikodimensia, 15(2), 351-373.
Cowan, R. L., & Bochantin, J. E. (2011). Blue-collar employees’ work/life metaphors: Tough similarities, imbalance, separation, and opposite. Qualitative Research Reports in Communication, 12(1), 19-26. doi: 10.1080/17459435.2011.601521
Darmawan, A., Silviandari, I., & Susilawati, I. (2015). Hubungan burnout dengan work-life balance pada dosen wanita. Jurnal Mediapsi, 1(1), 28-39.
Delina, G., & Raya, R. P. (2013). A study on work-life balance in working women. International Journal of Commerce, Business, and Management (IJCBM), 2(5), 274-282.
Fazrina, F. N. (2018). Work-life balance: Gimana menyeimbangkan kerja dan kehidupan. Retrieved from http://brilio.net/creator/work-life-balance-menyeimbangkan-kehidupan-kerja-dengan-kehidupan-072158.html
Fragoso, Z. L., Holcombe, K. J., McCluey, C. L., Fisher, G. G., McGonagle, A. K., & Friebe, S. J. (2016). Burnout and engagement. Workplace Health & Safety, 64(10), 479-487. doi: 10.1177/2165079916653414
Fisher, G. G., Bulger C. A., & Smith C. S. (2009). Beyond work and family: A measure of work/nonwork interference and enhancement. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 14(4), 441–456.
Frizzell, R. E. (2015). Manufacturing satisfaction with work-family balance: The effect of employee, technology use, and life role salience (Unpublished dissertation). Department of Psychological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas.
Gallup. (2017). State of the global workplace. New York, NY: Gallup Press.
Greenberg, J. (2011). Behavior in organization: Understanding and managing the human side of work (10th ed.). United States, US: Prentice-Hall.
Hakanen, J. J., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2006). Burnout and work engagement among teachers. Journal of School Psychology, 43(6), 495-513. doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2005.11.001
Hakanen, J. J., Seppala, P., & Peeters, M. C. W. (2017). High job demands, still engaged, and not burned out? The role of job crafting. International Journal Behavioral Medicine, 24(4), 619-627. doi: 10.1007/s12529-017-9638-3
Harter J. K., Schmidt F. L., & Hayes T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268-279.
Hikmatullah, F. (2016). Hubungan employee engagement dan burnout pada karyawan divisi IT. Jurnal Elektronik, 9(1), 100-108.
Iqbal, I., Zia-ud-Din, M., Arif, A., Raza, M., & Ishtiaq, Z. (2017). Impact of employee engagement on work-life balance with the moderating role of employee cynicism. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 7(6), 1088-1101. doi: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i6/3068
Kanwar, Y. P. S., Singh, A. K., & Kodwani, A. D. (2009). Work-life balance and burnout as predictors of job satisfaction in the IT-ITES industry. Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective, 13(2), 1-12. doi: 10.1177/097226290901300201
Kaplan, R. M., & Saccuzzo, D. P. (2009). Psychological testing: Principles, application, and issues. United States, US: Wadsworth.
Kusuma, H. (2018). Data BPS: Masih ada 7 juta orang nganggur di Indonesia. Detik. Retrieved from http://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-4288074/data--bps-masih-ada-7-juta-orang-nganggur-di-indonesia
Laucereno, S. F. (2019). Harga komoditas hingga ekonomi global loyo, ekonomi RI tumbuh 5,17 persen. Detik. Retrieved from http://finance.detik.com/berita-ekonomi-bisnis/d-445720/harga-komoditas-hingga-ekonomi-global-loyo-ekonomi-ri-tumbuh-517
Mangkunegara, A. P., & Octorend, T. R. (2015). Effect of work discipline, work motivation, and job satisfaction on employee organizational commitment in the company (Case study in PT. Dada Indonesia). Universal Journal of Management, 3(8), 318-328. doi: 10.13189/ujm.2015.030808
Makela, L., Vesa, S., & Mayerhofer, H. (2011). Lives of female expatriates: Work-life balance concerns. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 26(4), 256-274.
Maricutoiu, L. P., Sulea, C., & Lancu, A. (2017). Work engagement or burnout: Which comes first? A meta-analysis of longitudinal evidence. Burnout Research, 5, 35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.burn.2017.05.001
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 2(2), 99-113. doi: 10.1002/job.4030020205
Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: Recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111. doi: 10.1002/wps.20311
Novess, J. (2015). The influence of burnout symptoms on the relationship between work-life balance and self-rated health (Unpublished thesis). Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University St. Catharines, Canada.
Nurendra, A. M., & Purnamasari, W. (2017). Hubungan antara kualitas kehidupan kerja dan keterikatan kerja pada pekerja wanita. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 2(2), 148-154.
Pandita, S., & Singhal, R. (2017). The influence of employee engagement on the work-life balance of employees in the IT sector. The IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(1), 38-57.
Pangemanan, F. L., Pio, R. J., & Tumbel, T. M. (2017). Pengaruh work-life balance dan burnout terhadap kepuasan kerja. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 5(3), 1-8.
Parkes, L. P., & Langford, P. H. (2008). Work-life balance or work-life alignment? A test of the importance of work-life balance for employee engagement and intention to stay in organization. Journal of Management and Organization, 14(3), 267-284. doi: 10.1017/S1833367200003278
Peeters, M. C. W., Montogomery, A. J., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2005). Balancing work and home: How job and home demands are related to burnout. International Journal of Stress Management, 12(1), 43-61. doi: 10.1037/1072-5245.12.1.43
Pulkeria, R. (2016). Work or life? Or work-life balance? Retrieved from http://blog.karir.com/2016/10/05/work-or-life-or-work-life-balance/
Ratanjee, V., & Emond, L. (2013). Why Indonesia must engage younger workers. Retrieved from https://news.gallup.com/businessjournal/166280/why-indonesia-engage-younger-workers.aspx
Robinson, J. (2019). The scientific link that drives employee engagement and productivity. Retrieved from https://www.worktolive.info/blog/the-scientific-link-between-work-life-balance-employee-engagement-and-productivity
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demans, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi-sampe study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25, 293-315. doi: 10.1002/job.248
Schaufeli, W. B., Bakker, A. B., & Van Rhenen, W. (2009). How changes in job demands and resources predict burnout, work engagement, and sickness absenteeism. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(7), 893-917. doi: 10.1002/job.595
Schwartz, T. (2015). When employee engagement turns into employee burnout. New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/14/business/dealbook/when-employee-engagement-turns-into-employee-burnout.html
Seppala, E., & Moeller, J. (2018). 1 in 5 employees is highly engaged and at risk of burnout. Retrieved from https://hbrascend.org/topics/1-in-5-employees-is-highly-engaged-and-at-risk-of-burnout/
Sonnentag, S. (2017). A task-level perspective on work engagement: A new approach that helps to differentiate the concepts of engagement and burnout. Burnout Research, 5, 12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.burn.2017.04.001
Syarizka, D. (2018). Sumber daya manusia: Keterikatan karyawan tentukan kemampuan adaptasi perusahaan. Retrieved from http://sumatra.bisnis.com/read/20180403/448/779079/sumber-daya-manusia-keterikatan-karyawan-tentukan-kemampuan-adaptasi-perusahaan
Van Steenbergen, E. F., Van Der Ven, C., Peeters, M. C., & Waris, T. W. (2017). Transitioning towards new ways of working: Do job demands, job resources, burnout, and engagement change? Psychological Reports, 121(4), 736-766. doi: 10.1177/0033294117740134
Westman, M., Brough, P., & Kalliath, T. (2009). Expert commentary on work-life balance and crossover of emotions and experiences: Theoretical and practice advancements. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(5), 587-595. doi: 10.1002/job.616
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2019-12-01
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Wardani, L. M. I., & Firmansyah, R. (2019). The work-life balance of blue-collar workers: The role of employee engagement and burnout. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 6(2), 227–241. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu96
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Copyright (c) 2019 Laila Meiliyandrie Indah Wardani, Rahmat Firmansyah
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