The correlation among attachment to mother, father, and peers with the tendency of children to become perpetrators and victims of bullying
Authors
-
Fasli Arif
Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Indonesia
-
Sri Wahyuni
https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu58
Keywords:
attachment, bullies, victim of bullying, adolescenceAbstract
Bullying is a behavior of misusing physical force by stronger individuals or groups towards their weaker counterparts, which is intended to hurt and is repeatedly done. The aim of the current study is to investigate the tendency of children to become bullies and victims of bullying in terms of attachment to the mother, father, and peers. Subjects in this study were 250 students with complete parents. This study found that there exists a negative relationship between attachment to mother and father and children’s tendency to be bullies. It was also found that only attachment to father that were negatively associated with children’stendency to be victims of bullying. This study also found that peer attachment does not have a significant relationship with children’s tendency to be both bullies and victims of bullying. Further, both boys and girls are at risk of becoming victims of bullying.
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References
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Andreou, E. (2001). Bully/victim problems and their association with coping behavior in conflictual peer interactions among school-age children. Educational Psychology, 21(1), 59-66.
Appleyard, K., & Berlin, L. J. (2007). Supporting healthy relationship between young children and the parents. Center For Child and Policy Duke University. Ditemu kembali dari https://childandfamilypolicy.duke.edu/pdfs/pubpres/SupportingHealthyRelationships.pdf
Armsden, G., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009). Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA). College of Health and Human Development. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.prevention.psu.edu/media/prc/files/IPPAManualDecember2013.pdf
Armsden, G. C., McCauley, E., Greenberg, M. T., Burke, P. M., & Mitchell, J. R. (1990). Parent and peer attachment in early adolescent depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18(6), 683-697.
Azzura, S. N. (2015). Miris anak ini alami trauma setelah dianiaya teman sekolahnya. Merdeka. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/miris-anak-ini-alami-trauma-setelah- dianiaya-teman-sekolahnya.html
Bowlby, J. (1958). The nature of the child's tie to his mother. International Journal of Psycho- Analysis, 39, 350-373.
Eisenberg, N. (2006a). Empathy and fairness. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Eisenberg, N. (2006b). Empathy-related responding and prosocial behaviour. Hoboken, NJ: John
Wiley & Sons.
Glew, G. M., Fan, M. -Y., Katon, W., Rivara, F. P., & Kernic, M. A. (2005). Bullying,
psychosocial adjustment, and academic performance in elementary school. Arch Pediatr
Adolesc Med, 159, 1026-1031.
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1994). Attachment as an organization framework for research for close
relationship. Psychological Inquiry, 5(1), 1-22.
Khezri, H., Ghavam, S. E., Mofidi, F., & Delavar, A. (2013). Bullying and victimization:
Prevalence and gender differences in a sample of Iranian Middle School Students. Journal of
Educational and Management Studies. 3(3), 224-229.
Koiv, K. (2012). Attachment styles among bullies, victims and uninvolved adolescents. Psychology
Research, 2(3), 160-165.
Konishi, C., & Hymel, S. (2009). Bullying and stress in early adolescence: The role of coping and
social support. Journal of Early Adolescence, 29(3), 333-356.
Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P. (2013). Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of cyber
bullying and traditional bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53, 13-20.
Leidy, M. S., Guerra, N. G., & Toro, R. I. (2010). Positive parenting, family cohesion, and child social competence among immigrant Latino families. Journal of Family Psychology, 24(3),
252-260.
Lines, D. (2008). The bullies: Understanding bullies and bullying. London: Jessica Kingsley. Malekpour, M. (2007). Effect of attachment on nearly and later development. The British Journal of
Developmental Disabilities, 53(105), 81-95.
Malti, T., Perren, S., & Buchmann, M. (2010). Children’s peer victimization, empathy, and
emotional symptoms. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 41(1), 98-113.
Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among U.S. youth: Prevalence and association with psychosocial
adjustment. Journal of the American Medical Association, 285(16), 2094-2100.
Nikiforou, M., Georgiou, S. N., & Stavrinides, P. (2013). Attachment to parents and peers as a parameter of bullying and victimization. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Criminology, 2013, 1-9.
Oates, J. (Ed.) (2007). Attachment relationships: quality of care for young children. Early childhood in focus. Walton Hall, UK: The Open University.
O’Connor, T. G., & Scott, S. B. C. (2007). Parenting and outcomes for children. London: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
Olweus, D. (1997). Bully/victim problems in school: fact and intervention. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 12(4), 495-510.
Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2010). Human development: Psikologi perkembangan. (9th ed.) (A. K. Anwar, Trans.). Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Pei, M. (2011). The relation between parent-child attachment, childrearing behaviors, and
aggression in childhood and adolescence (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). Brandeis University,
USA.
Petrie, K. (2014). The relation between school climate and student bullying. THEACH Journal of
Christian Education, 8(1), 26-35.
Rasyid, M., & Suminar, D. R. (2012). Hubungan antara peer attachment dengan regulasi emosi
remaja yang menjadi siswa di boarding school SMA Negeri 10 Samarinda. Jurnal Psikologi
Pendidikan dan Perkembangan, 1(3), 1-7.
Santrock, J. W. (2007a). Perkembangan masa hidup: Jilid 2. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Santrock, J. W. (2007b). Child development (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Schneider, B. H., Atkinson, L., & Tardif, C. (2001). Child-parent attachment and children’s peer
relations: A quantitative review. Developmental Psychology, 37(1), 86-100.
Sejiwa. (2008). Bullying: Mengatasi kekerasan di sekolah dan lingkungan sekitar anak. Jakarta:
Grasindo.
Sklar, N. (2011). Social competence as a moderator of the aggression-victimization link in
elementary school children (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). University of Victoria, Canada. Smith, P. R. (2004). Caring for paid caregivers: Linking quality childcare with improved working
conditions. University of Cincinnati Law Review, 73,399-404.
Sudiaman, M. (2014). Inilah kronologi kasus bully anak SD di Bukittinggi. News Republika.co.id.
Ditemu kembali dari http://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/daerah/14/10/12/ndbsmg- inilah-kronologi-kasus-bully-anak-sd-di-bukittinggi
Sumintono, B., & Widhiarso, W. (2014). Aplikasi model rasch untuk penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial. Bandung: Trim Komunika.
Totura, C. M. W., MacKinnon-Lewis, C., Gesten, E. L., Gadd, R., Divine, K. P., Dunham, S., & Kamboukos, D. (2009). Bullying and victimization among boys and girls in middle school: The influence of perceived family and school contexts. Journal of Early Adolescence, 29(4), 571-609.
Uba, I., Yaacob, S. N., & Juhari, R. (2009). The relationship between peer relations and depression among adolescents in Selangor, Malaysia. European Journal of Social Sciences, 11(1), 149- 159.
Uba, I., Yaacob, S. N., Juhari, R., & Talib, M. A. (2010). Effect of self-esteem on the relationship between depression and bullying among teenagers in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 6(12), 77-85.
Veríssimo, M., Santos, A. J., Vaughn, B. E., Torres, N., Monteiro, L., & Santos, O. (2011). Quality of attachment to father and mother and number of reciprocal friends. Early Child Development and Care, 181(1), 27–38.
Wahyuni, S., & Adiyanti, M. G. (2011). Correlation between perception toward parent’s authoritarian parenting and ability to empathize with tendency of bullying behavior on teenagers. Jurnal Psikologi, 7(2), 106-118.
Wahyuni, S., & Asra, Y. K. (2014). Kecenderungan anak menjadi pelaku dan korban bullying ditinjau dari kualitas kelekatan dengan ibu yang bekerja. Marwah, 13(1), 1-20.
Wahyuni, S., & Nazifah, N. (2012). Studi cross-sectional perilaku bullying pada siswa SD, SMP, dan SMU di kota Pekanbaru Riau, Prosiding: Kumpulan Artikel Temu Ilmiah Psikologi Sosial Indonesia, Riau, 2-3 November, 2012. Riau: Ikatan Psikologis Sosial dan Fakultas Psikologi UIN Suska Riau.
Walden, L. M., & Beran, T. N. (2010). Attachment quality and bullying behavior in school-aged youth. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 25(1), 5-18.
Wolke, D., Woods, S., Stanford, K., & Schulz, H. (2001). Bullying and victimization of primary school children in England and Germany: Prevalence and school factors. British Journal of Psychology, 92, 673-696.
Andreou, E. (2001). Bully/victim problems and their association with coping behavior in conflictual peer interactions among school-age children. Educational Psychology, 21(1), 59-66.
Appleyard, K., & Berlin, L. J. (2007). Supporting healthy relationship between young children and the parents. Center For Child and Policy Duke University. Ditemu kembali dari https://childandfamilypolicy.duke.edu/pdfs/pubpres/SupportingHealthyRelationships.pdf
Armsden, G., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009). Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA). College of Health and Human Development. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.prevention.psu.edu/media/prc/files/IPPAManualDecember2013.pdf
Armsden, G. C., McCauley, E., Greenberg, M. T., Burke, P. M., & Mitchell, J. R. (1990). Parent and peer attachment in early adolescent depression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 18(6), 683-697.
Azzura, S. N. (2015). Miris anak ini alami trauma setelah dianiaya teman sekolahnya. Merdeka. Ditemu kembali dari http://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/miris-anak-ini-alami-trauma-setelah- dianiaya-teman-sekolahnya.html
Bowlby, J. (1958). The nature of the child's tie to his mother. International Journal of Psycho- Analysis, 39, 350-373.
Eisenberg, N. (2006a). Empathy and fairness. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Eisenberg, N. (2006b). Empathy-related responding and prosocial behaviour. Hoboken, NJ: John
Wiley & Sons.
Glew, G. M., Fan, M. -Y., Katon, W., Rivara, F. P., & Kernic, M. A. (2005). Bullying,
psychosocial adjustment, and academic performance in elementary school. Arch Pediatr
Adolesc Med, 159, 1026-1031.
Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1994). Attachment as an organization framework for research for close
relationship. Psychological Inquiry, 5(1), 1-22.
Khezri, H., Ghavam, S. E., Mofidi, F., & Delavar, A. (2013). Bullying and victimization:
Prevalence and gender differences in a sample of Iranian Middle School Students. Journal of
Educational and Management Studies. 3(3), 224-229.
Koiv, K. (2012). Attachment styles among bullies, victims and uninvolved adolescents. Psychology
Research, 2(3), 160-165.
Konishi, C., & Hymel, S. (2009). Bullying and stress in early adolescence: The role of coping and
social support. Journal of Early Adolescence, 29(3), 333-356.
Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P. (2013). Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of cyber
bullying and traditional bullying. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53, 13-20.
Leidy, M. S., Guerra, N. G., & Toro, R. I. (2010). Positive parenting, family cohesion, and child social competence among immigrant Latino families. Journal of Family Psychology, 24(3),
252-260.
Lines, D. (2008). The bullies: Understanding bullies and bullying. London: Jessica Kingsley. Malekpour, M. (2007). Effect of attachment on nearly and later development. The British Journal of
Developmental Disabilities, 53(105), 81-95.
Malti, T., Perren, S., & Buchmann, M. (2010). Children’s peer victimization, empathy, and
emotional symptoms. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 41(1), 98-113.
Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among U.S. youth: Prevalence and association with psychosocial
adjustment. Journal of the American Medical Association, 285(16), 2094-2100.
Nikiforou, M., Georgiou, S. N., & Stavrinides, P. (2013). Attachment to parents and peers as a parameter of bullying and victimization. Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Criminology, 2013, 1-9.
Oates, J. (Ed.) (2007). Attachment relationships: quality of care for young children. Early childhood in focus. Walton Hall, UK: The Open University.
O’Connor, T. G., & Scott, S. B. C. (2007). Parenting and outcomes for children. London: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
Olweus, D. (1997). Bully/victim problems in school: fact and intervention. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 12(4), 495-510.
Papalia, D. E., Olds, S. W., & Feldman, R. D. (2010). Human development: Psikologi perkembangan. (9th ed.) (A. K. Anwar, Trans.). Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Pei, M. (2011). The relation between parent-child attachment, childrearing behaviors, and
aggression in childhood and adolescence (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). Brandeis University,
USA.
Petrie, K. (2014). The relation between school climate and student bullying. THEACH Journal of
Christian Education, 8(1), 26-35.
Rasyid, M., & Suminar, D. R. (2012). Hubungan antara peer attachment dengan regulasi emosi
remaja yang menjadi siswa di boarding school SMA Negeri 10 Samarinda. Jurnal Psikologi
Pendidikan dan Perkembangan, 1(3), 1-7.
Santrock, J. W. (2007a). Perkembangan masa hidup: Jilid 2. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Santrock, J. W. (2007b). Child development (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Schneider, B. H., Atkinson, L., & Tardif, C. (2001). Child-parent attachment and children’s peer
relations: A quantitative review. Developmental Psychology, 37(1), 86-100.
Sejiwa. (2008). Bullying: Mengatasi kekerasan di sekolah dan lingkungan sekitar anak. Jakarta:
Grasindo.
Sklar, N. (2011). Social competence as a moderator of the aggression-victimization link in
elementary school children (Tesis tidak dipublikasikan). University of Victoria, Canada. Smith, P. R. (2004). Caring for paid caregivers: Linking quality childcare with improved working
conditions. University of Cincinnati Law Review, 73,399-404.
Sudiaman, M. (2014). Inilah kronologi kasus bully anak SD di Bukittinggi. News Republika.co.id.
Ditemu kembali dari http://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/daerah/14/10/12/ndbsmg- inilah-kronologi-kasus-bully-anak-sd-di-bukittinggi
Sumintono, B., & Widhiarso, W. (2014). Aplikasi model rasch untuk penelitian ilmu-ilmu sosial. Bandung: Trim Komunika.
Totura, C. M. W., MacKinnon-Lewis, C., Gesten, E. L., Gadd, R., Divine, K. P., Dunham, S., & Kamboukos, D. (2009). Bullying and victimization among boys and girls in middle school: The influence of perceived family and school contexts. Journal of Early Adolescence, 29(4), 571-609.
Uba, I., Yaacob, S. N., & Juhari, R. (2009). The relationship between peer relations and depression among adolescents in Selangor, Malaysia. European Journal of Social Sciences, 11(1), 149- 159.
Uba, I., Yaacob, S. N., Juhari, R., & Talib, M. A. (2010). Effect of self-esteem on the relationship between depression and bullying among teenagers in Malaysia. Asian Social Science, 6(12), 77-85.
Veríssimo, M., Santos, A. J., Vaughn, B. E., Torres, N., Monteiro, L., & Santos, O. (2011). Quality of attachment to father and mother and number of reciprocal friends. Early Child Development and Care, 181(1), 27–38.
Wahyuni, S., & Adiyanti, M. G. (2011). Correlation between perception toward parent’s authoritarian parenting and ability to empathize with tendency of bullying behavior on teenagers. Jurnal Psikologi, 7(2), 106-118.
Wahyuni, S., & Asra, Y. K. (2014). Kecenderungan anak menjadi pelaku dan korban bullying ditinjau dari kualitas kelekatan dengan ibu yang bekerja. Marwah, 13(1), 1-20.
Wahyuni, S., & Nazifah, N. (2012). Studi cross-sectional perilaku bullying pada siswa SD, SMP, dan SMU di kota Pekanbaru Riau, Prosiding: Kumpulan Artikel Temu Ilmiah Psikologi Sosial Indonesia, Riau, 2-3 November, 2012. Riau: Ikatan Psikologis Sosial dan Fakultas Psikologi UIN Suska Riau.
Walden, L. M., & Beran, T. N. (2010). Attachment quality and bullying behavior in school-aged youth. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 25(1), 5-18.
Wolke, D., Woods, S., Stanford, K., & Schulz, H. (2001). Bullying and victimization of primary school children in England and Germany: Prevalence and school factors. British Journal of Psychology, 92, 673-696.
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2017-12-01
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Arif, F., & Wahyuni, S. (2017). The correlation among attachment to mother, father, and peers with the tendency of children to become perpetrators and victims of bullying. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 4(2), 122–140. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu58
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